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Encyclopaedia Britannica"s editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new nội dung and verify & edit nội dung received from contributors.
ranger, in U.S. Military usage, a soldier specially trained lớn act in small groups that make rapid surprise raids on enemy territory. Ranger has also been the designation for the Texas state constabulary and for national-park supervisors và forest wardens.
Ranger units originated during the French và Indian War (1756–63), when the British formed special units of expert woodsmen và marksmen lớn range the forests on scouting, screening, and harassing missions. During the American Revolution, both British và American forces employed rangers, who formed entire regiments of light infantry. In 1832 the force authorized for the black Hawk War included 600 mounted rangers. This was the first suggestion of combining the functions of rangers and cavalry.
During the Mexican War (1846–48), companies of Texas Rangers were formed into regiments & mustered into federal service. They operated both as conventional cavalry & as rangers on scouting, patrolling, và raiding duty. After the Mexican War they served as a state constabulary organized along military lines, maintaining law và order against the Indians và against bandits and other lawless elements. In 1901 they were organized into a permanent law-enforcement agency. The Texas Rangers were merged in 1935 with the State Highway Patrol under the Department of Public Safety.
Rangers operated on both sides during the American Civil War but were a more significant factor in Confederate operations. The United States had six ranger battalions during World War II. They made sudden hard-hitting raids behind enemy lines, carrying out demolition and intelligence missions. The success of these ranger missions led to lớn formation in 1950 of airborne ranger infantry as an integral part of each U.S. Infantry division.
In the National Park Service, the U.S. Department of the Interior established in 1916 a force of national-park rangers whose functions were protection and conservation of forests and wildlife, enforcement of park regulations (for which they have police power), và assistance to lớn visitors. Similar functions with respect to lớn the national forests were assigned lớn the rangers of the Forest Service, established in 1905 as an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Forest rangers are particularly noted for their activities in the prevention and fighting of forest fires.
The 75th Ranger Regiment
Their locations are:
lst Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment, Hunter thanglongford.com Airfield, Ga.2nd Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment, Fort Lewis, Wash.3rd Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment, Fort Benning, Ga.Regimental Special Troops Battalion, Fort Benning, Ga.Learn more at the 75th Ranger Regiment"s site.
Xem thêm: Phụ Kiện Giá Xưởng Phụ Kiện Điện Thoại Giá Sỉ, Bán Buôn, Sỉ Phụ Kiện Điện Thoại
The tung Beret
The distinctive headgear of the 75th Ranger Regiment is the rã beret. The beret is a mark of distinction that brands the wearer as a proven warrior. The tan màu sắc is reminiscent of the leather caps worn by the original rangers of American heritage và lore.
Rangers Lead The Way!
The 75th Ranger Regiment encompasses the "Big five philosophy": marksmanship, physical training, medical training, small-unit tactics, and mobility for the success of the individual Ranger & the Ranger mission.Soldiers ranking from private through sergeant attend RASP 1, an eight-week course that trains Soldiers in the basic skills and tactics required lớn operate in the 75th Ranger Regiment. Upon completion of this course, Rangers have the essential skills, training, & confidence khổng lồ be members of the 75th Ranger Regiment.
Officers, warrant officers & senior non-commissioned officers (staff sergeant through command sergeant major) must attend RASP 2, a three-week course, focused on selecting the best leadership from across the thanglongford.com. This course assesses the suitability of mid-and senior grade leaders for assignment lớn the regiment, và teaches them the operational techniques and standards of the Ranger Regiment. This course provides training in the special tactics, equipment, và missions that make the Regiment unique. Upon successful completion of this course, applicants will be assigned to the 75th Ranger Regiment.
Ranger School
The purpose of the thanglongford.com"s Ranger course is lớn prepare these thanglongford.com volunteers - both officers và enlisted Soldiers - in combat arms related functional skills. The Rangers" primary mission is lớn engage in close combat and direct-fire battles.
The Ranger Course was conceived during the Korean War and was known as the Ranger Training Command. The Ranger Training Command was inactivated và became the Ranger Department, a branch of the Infantry School at Fort Benning, Ga., Oct. 10, 1951. Its purpose was, and still is, to lớn develop combat skills of selected officers và enlisted men. This requires them to lớn perform effectively as small-unit leaders in a realistic, tactical environment, & under mental & physical stress; approaches that are found in actual combat. Emphasis is placed on the development of individual combat skills và abilities through the application of the principles of leadership, while further developing military skills in the planning và conduct of dismounted infantry, airborne, airmobile, amphibious independent squad, and platoon-size operations. Graduates return to lớn their units khổng lồ pass on these skills.
From 1954 to the early 1970"s, the thanglongford.com"s goal, though seldom achieved, was khổng lồ have one Ranger qualified non-commissioned officer per infantry platoon và one officer per company. In an effort to better achieve this goal, in 1954, the thanglongford.com required all combat arms officers to lớn become Ranger/Airborne qualified.
The Ranger course has changed little since its inception. Until recently, it was an eight-week course divided into three phases: "crawl," "walk," and "run." The course is now 61 days in duration and remains divided into three phases: "benning," "mountain," và "florida."
Benning Phase
The benning phase of Ranger School is designed to lớn assess a Soldier"s physical stamina, mental toughness, và establishes the tactical fundamentals required for follow-on phases of Ranger School. During this 21-day phase, Ranger instructors, coach, teach, and mentor each student to sustain himself, his subordinates, maintain his mission essential equipment, & accomplish the mission under difficult field training conditions. Each Soldier that volunteers for Ranger training has proven themselves as a leader in their sending unit and arrives in đứng top physical condition. However, only 50 percent of Ranger students will complete this first phase.
This phase is conducted in two parts: The Ranger assessment phase, commonly referred to lớn as "RAP week," và the patrolling phase, commonly referred to lớn as "Darby phase." RAP week begins with the Ranger physical assessment, known as RPA, requiring 49 push-ups, 59 sit-ups, 5-mile run in 40:00 minutes or better, và six chin-ups. Following the RPA, students conduct the combat water survival assessment at Victory Pond, land navigation refresher training, and finish the day with a brigade in-brief.
Day two begins at 3:30 a.m. With the night and day land navigation test. Following land navigation, Rangers are tested on common Soldier skills such as weapons và communication training. The second day finishes with a 2.1 mile two-man buddy run in thanglongford.com combat uniform, known as ACU, un-bloused combat boots, Camelback, carrying an M4, wearing a headlamp, and no headgear. The buddy run culminates on Malvesti Confidence Course, which contains the infamous "worm pit." The fourth và final day of RAP week consists of instruction on proper assembly and security of equipment, and culminates with the 12-mile foot march with each student carrying an average load of 35 pounds, without water.
After RAP week, only two-thirds of the class will continue to the patrol phase. This phase begins with fast paced instruction on troop leading procedures, principles of patrolling, demolitions, field craft, & basic battle drills focused towards squad ambush và reconnaissance missions. Before students begin practical application on what they have learned, they will negotiate the Darby Queen Obstacle course, consisting of trăng tròn obstacles stretched over one mile of uneven hilly terrain. Upon completion of the Darby Queen, students conduct three days of non-graded, squad-level patrols, one of which is entirely cadre led. After the last non-graded patrol day, students conduct two days of graded patrols, one airborne operation, và four more days of graded patrols before moving on to lớn the mountain phase of Ranger School.
In order to move forward, each student must demonstrate their ability khổng lồ plan, prepare, resource, & execute a combat patrol as a squad leader or team leader. Students must prove this to lớn the Ranger instructors & more importantly to their peers as the final hurdle to moving forward is the peer evaluation. Only Soldiers who give 100 percent of themselves lớn their peers & squad will be likely candidates to continue forward lớn the mountain phase, và ultimately earn their Ranger Tab.
